故都的秋原文及翻译

故都的秋原文

秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。

江南，秋当然也是有的；但草木雕得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间，浑浑沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足。秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一种半开，半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。

不逢北国之秋，已将近十余年了。在南方每年到了秋天，总要想起陶然亭的芦花，钓鱼台的柳影，西山的虫唱，玉泉的夜月，潭柘寺的钟声。在北平即使不出门去罢，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶、向院子一坐，你也能看得到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。从槐树叶底，朝东细数着一丝一丝漏下来的日光，或在破壁腰中，静对着象喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）的蓝朵，自然而然地也能够感觉到十分的秋意。说到了牵牛花，我以为以蓝色或白色者为佳，紫黑色次之，淡红色最下。最好，还要在牵牛花底，教长着几根疏疏落落的尖细且长的秋草，使作陪衬。

北国的槐树，也是一种能使人联想起秋来的点缀。象花而又不是花的那一种落蕊，早晨起来，会铺得满地。脚踏上去，声音也没有，气味也没有，只能感出一点点极微细极柔软的触觉。扫街的在树影下一阵扫后，灰土上留下来的一条条扫帚的丝纹，看起来既觉得细腻，又觉得清闲，潜意识下并且还觉得有点儿落寞，古人所说的梧桐一叶而天下知秋的遥想，大约也就在这些深沈的地方。

秋蝉的衰弱的残声，更是北国的特产；因为北平处处全长着树，屋子又低，所以无论在什么地方，都听得见它们的啼唱。在南方是非要上郊外或山上去才听得到的。这秋蝉的嘶叫，在北平可和蟋蟀耗子一样，简直象是家家户户都养在家里的家虫。

还有秋雨哩，北方的秋雨，也似乎比南方的下得奇，下得有味，下得更象样。

在灰沈沈的天底下，忽而来一阵凉风，便息列索落地下起雨来了。一层雨过，云渐渐地卷向了西去，天又青了，太阳又露出脸来了；着着很厚的青布单衣或夹袄曲都市闲人，咬着烟管，在雨后的斜桥影里，上桥头树底下去一立，遇见熟人，便会用了缓慢悠闲的声调，微叹着互答着的说：

“唉，天可真凉了——”（这了字念得很高，拖得很长。）

“可不是么？一层秋雨一层凉了！”

北方人念阵字，总老象是层字，平平仄仄起来，这念错的歧韵，倒来得正好。

北方的果树，到秋来，也是一种奇景。第一是枣子树；屋角，墙头，茅房边上，灶房门口，它都会一株株地长大起来。象橄榄又象鸽蛋似的这枣子颗儿，在小椭圆形的细叶中间，显出淡绿微黄的颜色的时候，正是秋的全盛时期；等枣树叶落，枣子红完，西北风就要起来了，北方便是尘沙灰土的世界，只有这枣子、柿子、葡萄，成熟到八九分的七八月之交，是北国的清秋的佳日，是一年之中最好也没有的黄金般的日子。

有些批评家说，中国的文人学士，尤其是诗人，都带着很浓厚的颓废色彩，所以中国的诗文里，颂赞秋的文字特别的多。但外国的诗人，又何尝不然？我虽则外国诗文念得不多，也不想开出账来，做一篇秋的诗歌散文钞，但你若去一翻英德法意等诗人的集子，或各国的诗文的选集来，总能够看到许多关于秋的歌颂与悲啼。各着名的大诗人的长篇田园诗或四季诗里，也总以关于秋的部分。写得最出色而最有味。足见有感觉的动物，有情趣的人类，对于秋，总是一样的能特别引起深沈，幽远，严厉，萧索的感触来的。不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，我想也一定会感到一种不能自己的深情；秋之于人，何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别呢？不过在中国，文字里有一个“秋士”的成语，读本里又有着很普遍的欧阳子的《秋声》与苏东坡的《赤壁赋》等，就觉得中国的文人，与秋的关系特别深了。可是这秋的深味，尤其是中国的秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受得到底。

南国之秋，当然是也有它的特异的地方的，比如廿四桥的明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普陀山的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等，可是色彩不浓，回味不永。比起北国的秋来，正象是黄酒之与白干，稀饭之与馍馍，鲈鱼之与大蟹，黄犬之与骆驼。

秋天，这北国的秋天，若留得住的话，我愿把寿命的三分之二折去，换得一个三分之一的零头。

故都的秋翻译

Autumn, wherever it is, always good; but ah, Northland autumn, is particularly clear, more static, sad.I come all the way from Hangzhou to Qingdao, from Qingdao, to catch the Beiping reasons, but also to have a taste of this "autumn", the onetime capital.

Jiangnan, autumn also some; but the wood carving slowly, the air is moist, the sky pallid, with frequent rain and less wind; a person caught in Suzhou Shanghai Hangzhou Xiamen Hongkong, or among the citizens of Guangzhou, all the past, can only feel a little cool taste, autumn, autumn color in autumn, the mood and attitude, do not eat, not through it, not to the full.Autumn is not the name, not the good wine, that a half open, however, in a taste of the course in autumn, it is improper.

Not every autumn in the north, has been nearly ten years.In the south each year in the fall, to remember the Taoranting Park East, Diaoyutai's Liu Ying, Nishiyama worm sing, Yuquan moon, Tanzhe Temple bell.In Peiping without even going out alone, that is huge in the Imperial City, a shabby rental house to live, get up in the morning, a cup of strong tea, to the yard to sit, you can also see very high the green sky, green the world hear pigeons fly sound.Securinega from the tree, watching a little east of the leakage of the sunlight, or broken at the waist in front of as, static trumpet-shaped morning glory （Chao-Jung） blue, come very naturally to also can feel the autumn.When it comes to the morning glory, I think to blue or white is preferred, the purple black, light red most.Preferably, also in Petunia bottom, living some root scattered tapering and long grass, to set off.

Locust trees in the north, is a reminiscent of the autumn decoration.Like flowers and not take the kind of fall flower, rose up in the morning, will spread all over the floor.Feet up, sound no odor, no sense, only a very slight and soft to the touch.Sweepers in the shade after sweeping, dust left on the streaks of broom, look so fine, feel free, subconscious and feels a bit lonely, a leaf of Chinese parasol tree that the ancient world their thinking, probably just in the deep place.

Weak incomplete of the cicada of autumn, is a specialty of North China Peking; because all over the tree, the room is low, no matter where it is, you can hear them sing.In the south is not to the countryside or mountain go hear.The autumnal cicadas are popular in Beijing, like cricket's mouse, just like each and every family live in the house worm.

There are rain, rain in the north than in the south, also seems to be the very odd, of taste, of more decent.

In ash Shen Shen sky, after a cool wind, then the rest column-cord ground it began to rain.A rain cloud, slowly roll towards the west, the sky is fine, the sun comes out; a thick green cloth unlined garment or jacket song city idlers, chewing tobacco pipe, in the rain shadow of skew bridge, the bridge on a tree down, encounter, there will be leisurely tones, with a slight each other answers to say:

"Oh, really cold day --" （the word is very high, very long.）

"Can not?A layer of a layer of cool autumn rain!"

The word read array, total old like layers of word, so-so, the wrong disambiguation of rhyme, but just in time.

Fruit trees in the north, to the autumn, is also a kind of wonders.The first is a date tree; the corner of the room, on the edge of wall, toilet, kitchen door, it will be a isolates to grow up.Like olive as pigeon like this dates a son, in a small oval leaves, sky yellowish color, it is autumn heyday; such as jujube Yela, red dates, northwest wind is up, the north is the dust dusty world, only this, persimmon, jujube grape, mature to eight or nine points in August seven turn, at the autumn beautiful day, is the best time of the year is not the golden days.

Some critics say, Chinese scholars, especially poets, taking very decadent, so Chinese poems in praise of autumn, text of more than special.But foreign poet, is it not?I though foreign poetry read too much, do not want to open accounts, do an autumn poetry prose notes, but if you go to a Yingde law meaning poet collection, or national poetry anthology, always can see many praises and moaning about autumn.A well-known poet long pastoral poems or four seasons poem, also for the part of autumn.The best smell.So feel interesting animal, human, to fall, always the same can cause deep, deep, harsh, cold feeling.Not only is the poet, is the convicts in prison, in the fall, I want to have a deep feeling; autumn to man, it is country, more did race or class distinction?But in China, the text has a "fall," idiom, reader and a very general Ouyang Zi's "the sounds of autumn" and Su Dongpo "Chibi", think Chinese literati, and especially deep autumn.But this profound taste of autumn, especially China's autumn deep flavor, than in the north, we will have to go.

Southern autumn, of course also has its unique place, such as the Qian Tang river around the bridge, the autumn tide, Mount Putuo cool mist, lychee Bay lotus and so on, but the color is not strong, memorable permanent.Compared with autumn in the north, as the wine to white spirit, rice and steamed bun, the perch to the crab, the dog to the camel.

In autumn, the autumn of the north, if it could be kept back, I would like to take the life of the 2/3 fold, change for 1/3 of.